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[Allergic drug reactions in children]
B Añibarro Bausela1, J M Berto Salort, M C García Ara
1Servicio de Alergia, Hospital Infantil La Paz, Madrid.
Anales Espanoles De Pediatria
|June 1, 1992
Summary
Pediatric drug allergy is uncommon, affecting 8.5% of patients. Immediate hypersensitivity reactions were common, with sulfonamides and beta-lactams frequently implicated in allergic drug reactions.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
- Pharmacovigilance
- Clinical Immunology
Context:
- Retrospective analysis of pediatric allergy consultations over six years.
- 840 patients evaluated for suspected adverse drug reactions.
- Drug allergy confirmed in 72 cases (8.5%).
Purpose:
- To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of allergic drug reactions in a pediatric population.
- To identify common drug culprits and reaction types.
- To compare patient demographics and atopic status between different reaction mechanisms.
Summary:
- IgE-mediated (immediate hypersensitivity) reactions accounted for 40.2% of confirmed drug allergies.
- No significant differences in age, sex, or atopic history were found between IgE-mediated and other allergic drug reactions.
- Commonly implicated drugs for immediate reactions included sulfonamides, streptomycin, beta-lactams, and analgesics.
- Fixed drug eruptions (sulfonamides) and contact dermatitis (Mercurochrome) were frequent non-immediate reactions.
Impact:
- Provides crucial data on the incidence and patterns of pediatric drug allergies.
- Highlights key drug classes associated with immediate hypersensitivity reactions in children.
- Informs clinical practice for diagnosing and managing adverse drug reactions in pediatric patients.