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Thyroid function in adults with Down's syndrome.

J C Murdoch, W A Ratcliffe, D G McLarty

    The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
    |March 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Thyroid dysfunction is common in adults with Down syndrome, with nearly half showing abnormalities. Primary hypothyroidism was observed in 16% of patients, indicating a need for thyroid function testing in this population.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Genetics
    • Internal Medicine

    Background:

    • Down syndrome is associated with various health complications, including potential endocrine abnormalities.
    • Thyroid dysfunction is a frequently observed comorbidity in individuals with Down syndrome.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the thyroid status in institutionalized adults with Down syndrome.
    • To identify the prevalence and patterns of thyroid dysfunction in this cohort.

    Main Methods:

    • Assessed thyroid status in 82 institutionalized adults with Down syndrome.
    • Compared thyroid function tests (T4, T3, FTI, TSH) with age and sex-matched controls.
    • Utilized TRH stimulation tests and thyroid antibody testing for further characterization.

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    Main Results:

    • 46% of patients exhibited abnormalities in thyroid function tests.
    • 16% of patients were diagnosed with primary hypothyroidism (subnormal T4, FTI, and elevated TSH).
    • 22% showed evidence of minor thyroid failure (subnormal T4, low-normal FTI, normal TSH).

    Conclusions:

    • Thyroid dysfunction, particularly hypothyroidism, is prevalent in adults with Down syndrome.
    • Specific thyroid function tests are crucial for accurate diagnosis.
    • Impaired thyroid development may underlie reduced thyroid function, with thyroiditis exacerbating hypothyroidism.