Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Stomach pH Regulation01:21

Stomach pH Regulation

The human body carefully regulates the internal pH of different organs to maintain homeostasis. For example, while the blood plasma maintains a neutral pH of 7, the stomach lumen has an acidic pH of 1.5 - 3.5. The low pH of stomach lumen helps kill pathogens in the food and break down complex food molecules.
The acid-secreting gastric mucosal epithelial cells (parietal cells) lining the stomach lumen maintain the low pH in the lumen. Numerous ion transporters and channels on these parietal...
Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Injurious Factors01:22

Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Injurious Factors

Peptic ulcers are sores on the stomach's inner lining and the upper small intestine, which are the result of disruptions in the mucosal layer that houses parietal cells which produce gastric acid, and chief cells which secrete pepsinogen.
In the antrum region, G cells secrete the gastrin hormone that binds to gastrin-cholecystokinin-B (CCK2) receptors on parietal and enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells in the fundic glands. Simultaneously, the vagus nerve releases acetylcholine, which binds to M3...
Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Mucosal Defense Factors01:24

Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Mucosal Defense Factors

Peptic ulcer disease, commonly called PUD, represents a multifaceted condition characterized by disruptions in the lining of the gastrointestinal (GI)  tract. Central to the protection of the gastrointestinal lining is the mucosal-bicarbonate barrier. This physiological defense mechanism is a formidable shield against the corrosive effects of gastric acid and pepsin secretion in the stomach. Its role is pivotal in maintaining the structural integrity of the stomach's inner lining. Bicarbonate,...
Acid Suppressive Drugs for Peptic Ulcer Disease: Proton Pump Inhibitors01:13

Acid Suppressive Drugs for Peptic Ulcer Disease: Proton Pump Inhibitors

Peptic ulcers, often induced by H. pylori infections or NSAID usage, arise from disruptions in the delicate balance of gastric acid production. Peptic ulcers stem from heightened gastric acid levels due to H. pylori infections or NSAID use. The protective mucus layer diminishes in the presence of these factors, allowing gastric acid to erode the stomach lining and form ulcers.
Gastric acid, a potent cocktail of hydrogen and chloride ions, is produced in specialized parietal cells within the...
Acid Suppressive Drugs for Peptic Ulcer Disease: Histamine H2-Receptor Antagonists01:28

Acid Suppressive Drugs for Peptic Ulcer Disease: Histamine H2-Receptor Antagonists

Histamine H2 receptors, which are intricately located on the basolateral membrane of parietal cells, play a crucial role in modulating gastric acid secretion. When released from enterochromaffin-like cells, histamine engages H2 receptors, initiating the cyclic AMP (cAMP) pathway. In this pathway, adenylyl cyclase converts ATP into cAMP, elevating intracellular cAMP levels. The activation of protein kinase A follows, stimulating the proton pump. This stimulation prompts the secretion of hydrogen...
Acid Suppressive Drugs for Peptic Ulcer Disease: Antacids01:31

Acid Suppressive Drugs for Peptic Ulcer Disease: Antacids

In the complex environment of the gastric lumen, excessive acid secretion can lead to the formation or worsening of ulcers within the delicate mucosal layer. Antacids, such as sodium bicarbonate and calcium carbonate, provide relief by neutralizing this acid, transforming it into harmless salt and water. This neutralization process raises the gastric pH from a highly acidic level of 1 to a more basic 3-4, reducing the acidity within the stomach.
However, this neutralization reaction between...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A novel quantitative real-time PCR diagnostic assay for fecal and nasal swab detection of an otariid lungworm, <i>Parafilaroides decorus</i>.

International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife·2020
Same author

Non-volatile Organic Acid Profiles of Peas and Carrots Cooked by Microwaves <sup>1</sup>.

Journal of food protection·2019
Same author

Repeatability of measuring knee flexion angles with wearable inertial sensors.

The Knee·2018
Same author

The influence of the respiration on the circulation in man; with special reference to pressures in the right auricle, right ventricle, femoral artery and peripheral veins.

The American journal of medicine·2010
Same author

Recording of right heart pressures in normal subjects and in patients with chronic pulmonary disease and various types of cardio-circulatory disease.

The Journal of clinical investigation·2010
Same author

Double lumen catheter for intravenous and intracardiac blood sampling and pressure recording.

Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.)·2010

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Evaluation of Amino Acid Consumption in Cultured Bone Cells and Isolated Bone Shafts
06:32

Evaluation of Amino Acid Consumption in Cultured Bone Cells and Isolated Bone Shafts

Published on: April 13, 2022

Effect of dietary nitrate on thyroid function.

R A BLOOMFIELD, C W WELSCH, G B GARNER

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |November 24, 1961
    PubMed
    Summary

    Dietary nitrate intake impacts thyroid gland iodine metabolism in rats and sheep. Iodine levels are crucial for mitigating nitrate

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Animal Nutrition
    • Toxicology

    Background:

    • Thyroid hormones are essential for regulating metabolism.
    • Iodine is a critical component of thyroid hormones.
    • Dietary nitrate is a common environmental contaminant.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of dietary nitrate on iodine metabolism in rats and sheep.
    • To determine the role of dietary iodine levels in modulating nitrate's effects on the thyroid gland.

    Main Methods:

    • Rats and sheep were fed diets containing specific concentrations of nitrate.
    • Thyroid gland function and iodine metabolism were assessed.
    • Iodine levels in the diet were varied.

    Main Results:

    Keywords:
    NITRATES/nutrition and dietTHYROID GLAND/physiology

    More Related Videos

    Effects of Desmodium caudatum on Gastrointestinal Hormones and Intestinal Flora in Rats with Gastritis
    03:48

    Effects of Desmodium caudatum on Gastrointestinal Hormones and Intestinal Flora in Rats with Gastritis

    Published on: March 1, 2024

    Separation and Differential Characterization of Gut Microbial Extracellular Vesicles in Salt-Sensitive Rats under High-Salt Diet Conditions
    07:21

    Separation and Differential Characterization of Gut Microbial Extracellular Vesicles in Salt-Sensitive Rats under High-Salt Diet Conditions

    Published on: June 6, 2025

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jul 18, 2026

    Evaluation of Amino Acid Consumption in Cultured Bone Cells and Isolated Bone Shafts
    06:32

    Evaluation of Amino Acid Consumption in Cultured Bone Cells and Isolated Bone Shafts

    Published on: April 13, 2022

    Effects of Desmodium caudatum on Gastrointestinal Hormones and Intestinal Flora in Rats with Gastritis
    03:48

    Effects of Desmodium caudatum on Gastrointestinal Hormones and Intestinal Flora in Rats with Gastritis

    Published on: March 1, 2024

    Separation and Differential Characterization of Gut Microbial Extracellular Vesicles in Salt-Sensitive Rats under High-Salt Diet Conditions
    07:21

    Separation and Differential Characterization of Gut Microbial Extracellular Vesicles in Salt-Sensitive Rats under High-Salt Diet Conditions

    Published on: June 6, 2025

    • 0.31% dietary nitrate in rats and 0.92% in sheep altered normal iodine metabolism.
    • The impact of nitrate on iodine metabolism was dependent on the dietary iodine concentration.

    Conclusions:

    • Dietary nitrate can interfere with thyroidal iodine metabolism in mammals.
    • Adequate dietary iodine is important for maintaining thyroid function in the presence of nitrate exposure.