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Liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin processing methods.

S Zheng1, Y Zheng, R L Beissinger

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago.

Biomaterials, Artificial Cells, and Immobilization Biotechnology : Official Journal of the International Society for Artificial Cells and Immobilization Biotechnology
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
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Liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin (LEH) shows promise as a safe red blood cell substitute. This novel oxygen carrier demonstrates effective oxygen transport and a suitable circulation half-life in preclinical models.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Hematology
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Development of effective and safe red blood cell substitutes is crucial for transfusion medicine.
  • Current limitations of traditional blood transfusions necessitate innovative alternatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin (LEH) as a potential red blood cell substitute.
  • To evaluate the safety, efficacy, and oxygen-carrying properties of LEH.

Main Methods:

  • LEH was produced using double emulsion/evaporation and high-pressure homogenization.
  • Formulation included hydrogenated phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, phosphatidylinositol, and alpha-tocopherol.
  • In vitro characterization included oxygen content, methemoglobin levels, oxygen affinity, and viscosity.

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  • In vivo efficacy was assessed using a rat exchange transfusion model.

    • Main Results:

    • LEH achieved >80% encapsulation efficiency with minimal methemoglobin generation (3% increase).
    • Oxygen content was 15 volume% (50% LEH suspension), with oxygen affinity near whole blood values.
    • LEH suspensions exhibited slightly higher viscosity than whole blood, with minimal Hb leakage (<0.5%).
    • Rats undergoing isovolemic exchange transfusion showed no significant organ weight changes, and LEH had a circulation half-life of 15-18 hours.

    Conclusions:

    • LEH is a safe and effective red blood cell substitute with functional oxygen-carrying capacity.
    • Preclinical studies indicate LEH's potential for use in transfusion medicine.
    • Further research is warranted to explore clinical applications of LEH.