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EPA Method 1615. Measurement of Enterovirus and Norovirus Occurrence in Water by Culture and RT-qPCR. II. Total Culturable Virus Assay
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EPA Method 1615. Measurement of Enterovirus and Norovirus Occurrence in Water by Culture and RT-qPCR. II. Total Culturable Virus Assay

Published on: September 11, 2016

Enterovirus infections in Toronto during 1962

D M MCLEAN, R D BACH, E J QUANTZ

    Canadian Medical Association Journal
    |July 6, 1963
    PubMed

    Insights

    Echo 9 and Echo 14 viruses were identified in children with aseptic meningitis in Toronto. Some children experienced rashes, while others developed paralytic poliomyelitis from virulent polioviruses.

    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Epidemiology
    • Pediatrics

    Background:

    • Aseptic meningitis and paralytic poliomyelitis outbreaks can occur in children.
    • Enteroviruses, including Echo viruses and polioviruses, are common causes of such illnesses.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify the specific enteroviruses responsible for aseptic meningitis and paralytic poliomyelitis in children during the summer of 1962.
    • To investigate the association between viral excretion, antibody responses, and clinical manifestations.
    • To assess the characteristics of polioviruses isolated, including vaccine strain markers.

    Main Methods:

    • Viral isolation from fecal and cerebrospinal fluid samples.
    • Serological testing for antibody levels in paired sera.
    • Characterization of poliovirus strains using aluminum and temperature markers.

    Main Results:

    • Echo 9 virus was detected in 17 of 37 children with aseptic meningitis, with 12 showing supporting antibody evidence.
    • Echo 14 virus was identified in two patients with aseptic meningitis.
    • Morbilliform rashes were observed in some children with and without meningitis, associated with Echo 9 virus in some cases.
    • Three children developed paralytic poliomyelitis caused by virulent polioviruses.
    • Seven children experienced febrile reactions after receiving Sabin trivalent poliovirus vaccine, with attenuated vaccine strains isolated from their feces.

    Conclusions:

    • Echo 9 and Echo 14 viruses were significant etiological agents of aseptic meningitis in the studied pediatric population.
    • Virulent polioviruses caused paralytic poliomyelitis, highlighting the continued risk of wild strains.
    • The Sabin vaccine strains were safely administered, with mild, transient reactions observed in some recipients.
    Keywords:
    COXSACKIE VIRUS INFECTIONSECHO VIRUSESMENINGITIS, VIRALPOLIOMYELITIS

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