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[Asymptomatic hepatitis B virus infection among the elderly]
1Nanfang Hospital, First Military Medical College, Guangzhou.
Summary
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection decreases in the elderly, with lower antigen prevalence. However, antibody responses remain strong, indicating ongoing exposure and a unique immune status in aging populations.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Immunology
- Gerontology
Context:
- Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is typically acquired in infancy and childhood.
- Understanding HBV infection dynamics in the elderly is crucial for public health strategies.
Purpose:
- To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of hepatitis B virus infection in an elderly population (60-96 years).
- To analyze changes in HBV markers and immune responses over time in older adults.
Summary:
- A study of 440 elderly residents revealed decreasing HBV infection markers, including lower HBsAg prevalence (5.0%) and titers.
- Most individuals showed seroconversion from HBeAg to anti-HBe, suggesting potential viral clearance.
- Despite declining infection, sustained HBV antibody prevalence indicated frequent exposure and robust immune responses in this aging cohort.
- Follow-up showed no new HBsAg, but new antibody development in 10.8% of initially negative individuals and 6.3% of those with single antibodies, suggesting a dynamic hyperimmune status.
Impact:
- The findings suggest the elderly may experience hypo-infection alongside a dynamic hyperimmune status regarding HBV.
- This highlights the importance of considering age-related immune changes in HBV epidemiology and management.
- Results inform public health initiatives for HBV prevention and control in aging populations in endemic areas.