Penetrating abdominal spear injuries

Eight cases of penetrating abdominal spear injuries are presented. The type and size of the spearhead as well as its direction and severity of the impact were reflected in the degree of visceral damage. At laparotomy, retro-peritoneal haematoma (RPH) was a constant finding. Morbi-mortality was associated with early haemorrhage or later septic complications. Manipulation of intra abdominal embedded spears may require unusual surgical procedures, and no attempt to extract the weapon should be made before emergency laparotomy is carried out. Prompt first aid and hospital referral, resuscitation and facilities for the treatment and care of the critically ill patient, were important factors influencing the outcome of these cases.