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QT-interval abnormalities in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

A Dritsas¹, E Sbarouni, D Gilligan

¹Department of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London, England.

Clinical Cardiology

|October 1, 1992

Summary

Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) exhibit prolonged QTc intervals and increased QTc dispersion on ECGs. Left ventricular hypertrophy correlates with prolonged QTc, potentially indicating arrhythmia risk.

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Area of Science:

Cardiology
Electrophysiology
Genetics

Background:

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a primary genetic heart muscle disease.
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a significant concern in HCM patients.
Electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities are common in HCM.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate differences in QTc interval and QTc dispersion between HCM patients and healthy controls.
To explore the relationship between left ventricular hypertrophy and QTc parameters in HCM.

Main Methods:

Surface ECGs were recorded in 24 HCM patients and 20 age/sex-matched controls.
QT intervals were measured across all 12 leads, and corrected QT (QTc) was calculated.
QTc dispersion was defined as the difference between maximal and minimal QTc intervals.

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Main Results:

Maximal QTc was significantly prolonged in HCM patients (465 ± 24 ms) versus controls (410 ± 20 ms).
QTc dispersion was significantly greater in HCM patients (71 ± 21 ms) compared to controls (35 ± 11 ms).
Maximal QTc showed a positive correlation with maximal left ventricular wall thickness (r = 0.48, p < 0.02) in HCM patients.

Conclusions:

HCM patients demonstrate prolonged QTc intervals and increased QTc dispersion.
The degree of left ventricular hypertrophy correlates with prolonged maximal QTc.
These ECG findings may be associated with an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias and SCD in HCM.