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Related Experiment Videos

Neisseria spp. and AIDS.

N Morla1, M Guibourdenche, J Y Riou

  • 1Centre National de Référence des Méningocoques et Neisseria apparentées, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology
|September 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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This study investigated Neisseria meningitidis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Pathogenic and commensal Neisseria strains were identified, revealing varied infection patterns in HIV-positive individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Clinical microbiology
  • Infectious diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection compromises the immune system, increasing susceptibility to opportunistic infections.
  • Neisseria meningitidis is a significant human pathogen, while other Neisseria species are typically commensals.
  • The interplay between HIV, Neisseria species, and disease progression requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize Neisseria meningitidis and commensal Neisseria isolates from patients at different stages of HIV infection.
  • To investigate the association between Neisseria serogroups and the clinical presentation in HIV-infected individuals.
  • To determine if commensal Neisseria species can cause invasive disease in immunocompromised hosts.

Main Methods:

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  • Clinical and bacteriological analysis of 15 patients with HIV infection.
  • Isolation and identification of Neisseria species from various clinical samples.
  • Classification of infections based on Neisseria serogroup pathogenicity and clinical stage of HIV/AIDS.

Main Results:

  • Neisseria meningitidis strains from known pathogenic serogroups (A, B, C) were isolated, appearing independent of HIV status.
  • Infections with typically commensal or less pathogenic Neisseria serogroups (Y, X, Z, Z,29E) were observed.
  • Commensal Neisseria species (N. sicca, N. perflava) were isolated from blood cultures in two cases of advanced AIDS with pulmonary and disseminated infections.

Conclusions:

  • Certain Neisseria meningitidis serogroups can cause infections in HIV-positive individuals irrespective of HIV stage.
  • Less pathogenic Neisseria serogroups may pose a risk in the context of HIV infection.
  • Commensal Neisseria species have the potential to cause severe invasive infections in severely immunocompromised individuals, such as those with AIDS.