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Related Experiment Videos

Panel attrition and external validity in adolescent substance use research.

D L Snow1, J K Tebes, M W Arthur

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511.

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
|October 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Adolescent substance use research is threatened by participant dropouts. Dropouts were more likely to use substances, and attrition effects differed by substance type and measurement method.

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Area of Science:

  • Adolescent development
  • Substance abuse research
  • Psychological research methodology

Background:

  • Panel attrition, or participant dropout, poses a significant threat to the external validity of longitudinal studies.
  • Maintaining participant engagement is crucial for accurate data collection in adolescent research.
  • Understanding attrition bias is essential for interpreting findings in adolescent substance use studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how panel attrition affects adolescent substance use research.
  • To determine if attrition effects vary based on the type of substance being studied.
  • To examine the influence of measurement methods and statistical analyses on detecting attrition bias.

Main Methods:

  • A 7-year longitudinal panel study of adolescent substance use was analyzed.

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  • Chi-square tests and multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVA) were employed.
  • Comparisons were made between participants who remained in the study (stayers) and those who dropped out (attrition).

    • Main Results:

    • Participants who dropped out were more likely to be substance users and reported higher baseline substance use than those who stayed.
    • The impact of attrition varied depending on the specific substance being assessed.
    • Mean substance use comparisons were more effective at detecting attrition effects than simple use/non-use comparisons.

    Conclusions:

    • Attrition bias is a significant concern in adolescent substance use research, potentially skewing findings.
    • Researchers must consider the type of substance and measurement approach when assessing attrition effects.
    • Methodological choices in statistical analysis can influence the detection and understanding of attrition bias in longitudinal studies.