Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

A Convenient and General Expression Platform for the Production of Secreted Proteins from Human Cells
07:09

A Convenient and General Expression Platform for the Production of Secreted Proteins from Human Cells

Published on: July 31, 2012

A synthetic peptide homologous to retroviral envelope protein down-regulates TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma mRNA expression

S Haraguchi1, R A Good, G J Cianciolo

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, All Children's Hospital, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg 33701.

Journal of Leukocyte Biology
|October 1, 1992
PubMed

Insights

CKS-17, a peptide from a retroviral protein, effectively suppresses staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB)-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) gene expression and protein production in human immune cells.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) is a potent immune stimulant.
  • Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) are key cytokines involved in immune responses.
  • The retroviral protein p15E contains an immunosuppressive domain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of CKS-17 on SEB-induced immune responses.
  • To determine if CKS-17 modulates TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma expression.
  • To assess CKS-17's impact on cytokine production in human immune cells.

Main Methods:

  • Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and purified human monocytes were used.
  • RNA hybridization was employed to study mRNA levels.
  • TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma mRNA and protein production were measured.

Main Results:

  • CKS-17 significantly inhibited SEB-induced TNF-alpha mRNA accumulation in PBMCs and monocytes.
  • CKS-17 suppressed SEB-induced TNF-alpha protein production.
  • CKS-17 also inhibited SEB-induced IFN-gamma mRNA expression in PBMCs.

Conclusions:

  • CKS-17 down-regulates TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma production at the mRNA level.
  • CKS-17 exhibits immunosuppressive properties against SEB-induced immune responses.
  • CKS-17 holds potential for modulating inflammatory conditions driven by superantigens.

More Related Videos

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production08:32

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production

Published on: March 2, 2014

Myeloid Innate Signaling Pathway Regulation by MALT1 Paracaspase Activity07:09

Myeloid Innate Signaling Pathway Regulation by MALT1 Paracaspase Activity

Published on: January 7, 2019

Related Concept Videos

Leaky Scanning02:28

Leaky Scanning

During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R stands for...
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway02:26

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway

The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The heterodimer of NF-κB...
Receptor Downregulation in MVBs01:15

Receptor Downregulation in MVBs

Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are mature endosomes that sort ubiquitinated proteins and then fuse with lysosomes to degrade the sorted proteins. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) form a complex that can be internalized through endocytosis, sorted into an MVB, and later degraded.
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that  lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR  stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive  EGFR activation may...
TGF - β Signaling Pathway01:16

TGF - β Signaling Pathway

The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors are of three kinds RI, RII, and RIII. The RI...
Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis01:30

Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis

Protein synthesis is indispensable for viral replication, as viruses lack the cellular machinery required for this process and must hijack the host's translational apparatus. In response, host cells deploy a critical innate immune defense involving interferons, specialized cytokines that play a central role in inhibiting viral propagation.Upon viral detection, infected cells release interferons that bind to receptors on adjacent uninfected cells, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and...
Inhibitors of Virion Maturation and Assembly01:19

Inhibitors of Virion Maturation and Assembly

As part of their replication cycle, certain viruses synthesize long precursor proteins called polyproteins within infected host cells. In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), two major polyproteins are produced: Gag and Gag-Pol. The Gag polyprotein supplies the structural components of the virus, while Gag-Pol includes essential viral enzymes such as reverse transcriptase, integrase, and protease. After synthesis, these polyproteins move to the host cell membrane, where they assemble into an...