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The epidemiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): report from Thailand

C Tuchinda1, K Angsusingha, K Chaichanwalanakul

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet Thangphaet
|April 1, 1992
PubMed

Insights

The incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Thai children aged 0-15 years remained low in 1984-1985, with seasonal variations and higher rates in lower socioeconomic groups. Factors like genetics and lifestyle may influence these findings.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Endocrinology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus in children is a growing global concern.
  • Understanding the epidemiology of diabetes in specific populations is crucial for public health initiatives.
  • Previous studies on diabetes in Thai children were limited, necessitating updated data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of diabetes mellitus in Thai children aged 0-15 years.
  • To compare the findings of 1985 with a previous study conducted in 1984.
  • To identify potential influencing factors such as seasonality, socioeconomic status, and family history.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive epidemiological study was conducted.
  • Questionnaires were distributed to hospitals across Thailand in 1984 and 1985.
  • Data on newly diagnosed cases of diabetes mellitus, including type, age, sex, and clinical presentation, were collected and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Thai children was low (0.19/100,000/year in 1984, 0.14/100,000/year in 1985).
  • Type 1 diabetes (IDDM) predominated over non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM).
  • Seasonal variations in symptom onset were observed, with a peak in winter, and higher incidence in families with lower socioeconomic status.

Conclusions:

  • The incidence of IDDM in Thai children appears to be among the lowest reported globally.
  • Genetic, environmental, dietary, and lifestyle factors likely contribute to the observed epidemiological patterns.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the specific factors influencing diabetes incidence in this population.

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