Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Gender and self-esteem.

R A Josephs1, H R Markus, R W Tafarodi

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Texas, Austin 78712.

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
|September 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Self-esteem (SE) differs between men and women. Men

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Liquorice consumption and salivary testosterone concentrations.

Lancet (London, England)·2001
Same author

Activities and well-being in older age: effects of self-concept and educational attainment.

Psychology and aging·1998
Same author

Paradoxical self-esteem and selectivity in the processing of social information.

Journal of personality and social psychology·1998
Same author

Self-schemas and possible selves as predictors and outcomes of risky behaviors in adolescents.

Nursing research·1998
Same author

Individual and collective processes in the construction of the self: self-enhancement in the United States and self-criticism in Japan.

Journal of personality and social psychology·1997
Same author

Self-verification in clinical depression: the desire for negative evaluation.

Journal of abnormal psychology·1996

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Gender Studies

Background:

  • Self-esteem (SE) is a crucial aspect of psychological well-being.
  • Cultural norms may influence the sources of self-esteem differently for men and women.
  • Understanding gender-specific SE dynamics is vital for psychological theory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the differential sources of self-esteem in men and women.
  • To test the hypothesis that gender-appropriate norms (independence for men, connection for women) influence SE.
  • To explore the relationship between gender-typed task performance and self-esteem.

Main Methods:

  • Three experiments were conducted to examine the sources of self-esteem.
  • Participants' self-esteem was assessed in relation to gender-typed tasks and social contexts.
  • Experimental manipulations focused on individuation and connection processes.

Main Results:

  • Men's self-esteem was linked to individuation and personal achievements.
  • Women's self-esteem was associated with connection and interdependence with others.
  • High self-esteem individuals exhibited compensatory reactions to failures on gender-appropriate tasks.

Conclusions:

  • Self-esteem originates from distinct sources for men and women, aligning with cultural gender norms.
  • Men's SE is tied to independence, while women's SE is linked to interdependence.
  • These findings have implications for understanding the structure and dynamics of the self across genders.

Related Experiment Videos