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Gender characteristics and adjustment: a longitudinal study.

J Aubé1, R Koestner

  • 1Psychology Department, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
|September 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Adolescent boys with feminine interests faced poorer adult adjustment, unlike girls. Masculine traits benefited adjustment for both genders, supporting a multidimensional gender view.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Gender Studies
  • Social Psychology

Background:

  • Understanding long-term developmental outcomes of gender-related interests and traits is crucial.
  • Previous research has explored gender development, but longitudinal data on specific trait implications are less common.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the long-term developmental implications of gender-related interests and traits.
  • To examine how adolescent gender-nonconforming interests and traits affect adult social-personal adjustment.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective longitudinal design utilizing archival data from the R. R. Sears, Maccoby, and Levin (1957) study.
  • Analysis of gender-related interests and traits at age 12 and their correlation with social-personal adjustment at ages 31 and 41.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessment of feminine expressive and masculine instrumental traits at age 31 and their impact on adjustment at age 41.

    • Main Results:

    • Adolescent boys (age 12) endorsing interests and undesirable traits typically associated with women showed poorer social-personal adjustment at ages 31 and 41.
    • No significant effects were found for women regarding adolescent gender-typed interests and adult adjustment.
    • Feminine expressive traits at age 31 did not predict adjustment at age 41 for either gender.
    • Masculine instrumental traits at age 31 were positively associated with adjustment at age 41 for both men and women.

    Conclusions:

    • Findings support a multidimensional perspective on gender development.
    • Adolescent boys face more severe negative consequences for endorsing nontraditional gender interests and undesirable traits compared to girls.
    • Masculine instrumental traits appear beneficial for adult adjustment across genders.