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DROWNING: ITS MECHANISM AND TREATMENT
Canadian Medical Association Journal
|August 31, 1963
Summary
Drowning mechanisms involve asphyxia complicated by fluid shifts, leading to electrolyte imbalance. Prompt treatment with artificial respiration and cardiac massage is crucial for survival.
Area of Science:
- Forensic Medicine
- Emergency Medicine
- Physiology
Background:
- Drowning is a significant cause of accidental death.
- Understanding the physiological mechanisms is key to effective treatment.
- Existing literature provides diverse perspectives on drowning events.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review experimental work and literature on drowning.
- To elucidate the complex mechanisms of drowning.
- To outline current treatment protocols and potential complications.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review.
- Analysis of experimental data on drowning.
- Synthesis of established medical knowledge.
Main Results:
- Drowning involves asphyxia complicated by hemodilution (fresh water) or hemoconcentration (salt water).
- Significant electrolyte imbalance occurs.
- Lethal cardiac failure can happen within two minutes of submersion.
- Secondary drowning and hyperventilation pose additional risks.
Conclusions:
- Effective treatment requires artificial respiration, cardiac massage, and electrolyte correction.
- Continuous observation for complications is vital.
- Diatom analysis can aid in confirming drowning as a cause of death.