Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 14, 2026
09:57
Comprehensive Protocol to Sample and Process Bone Marrow for Measuring Measurable Residual Disease and Leukemic Stem Cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Published on: March 5, 2018
Bleeding complications and coagulopathy in acute leukaemia
E Törnebohm1, M Blombäck, D Lockner
1Department of Internal Medicine, Huddinge University Hospital, Sweden.
Leukemia Research
|October 1, 1992
Summary
This study reveals that acute leukemia patients often have coagulation issues, with low protein C, fibrinogen, and platelets linked to major bleeding. Antithrombin levels predict prognosis in these leukemia patients.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
- Clinical Coagulation
Background:
- Acute leukemia frequently presents with coagulation disturbances.
- Hemorrhage is a significant complication in leukemia patients.
- Understanding hemostasis in leukemia is crucial for patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate coagulation and fibrinolysis factors in acute leukemia patients.
- To correlate these factors with the incidence of hemorrhage.
- To identify prognostic markers for bleeding complications.
Main Methods:
- Coagulation and fibrinolysis factors were measured on admission in 57 acute leukemia patients.
- Levels of prothrombin complex, fibrinogen, protein C, platelets, antiplasmin, and antithrombin were assessed.
- Von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag) was correlated with leukaemic cell count.
Main Results:
- 98% of patients exhibited coagulation disturbances.
- Severe thrombocytopenia (< 20 x 10(9)/l) was observed in 16%.
- Patients with major bleeding had significantly lower levels of prothrombin complex, fibrinogen, protein C, and platelets.
- Low antiplasmin and fibrinogen were characteristic in promyelocytic and lymphoblastic leukemia.
- A positive correlation was found between vWF:Ag and leukaemic cell count (ks = 0.72), particularly in lymphoblastic leukemia.
- Reduced antithrombin levels indicated a poorer prognosis.
Conclusions:
- Coagulation disturbances are nearly universal in acute leukemia.
- Specific hemostatic factor deficiencies are associated with major bleeding.
- Leukemia type influences hemostatic profiles.
- Antithrombin levels serve as a prognostic indicator for acute leukemia patients.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins
Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
01:27Disorders of Leukocytes
Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
Leukopenia may result from bone marrow disorders, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. For example, conditions such as multiple myeloma and aplastic anemia can impair the bone marrow's ability to produce adequate leukocytes. Similarly, autoimmune diseases like lupus and viral infections such as HIV can prompt the immune system...
Leukopenia may result from bone marrow disorders, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. For example, conditions such as multiple myeloma and aplastic anemia can impair the bone marrow's ability to produce adequate leukocytes. Similarly, autoimmune diseases like lupus and viral infections such as HIV can prompt the immune system...
01:20Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways of Hemostasis
Blood clotting or coagulation involves extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, which ultimately merge into the common pathway, forming a fibrin clot.
The Extrinsic Pathway
The extrinsic pathway of coagulation is typically initiated by tissue damage that exposes blood to tissue factor (TF), a protein released by the damaged tissue cells outside the blood vessels—this interaction with TF triggers biochemical reactions involving specific clotting factors. The key player here is Factor VII, which forms a...
The Extrinsic Pathway
The extrinsic pathway of coagulation is typically initiated by tissue damage that exposes blood to tissue factor (TF), a protein released by the damaged tissue cells outside the blood vessels—this interaction with TF triggers biochemical reactions involving specific clotting factors. The key player here is Factor VII, which forms a...
01:24Disorders of Hemostasis
Hemostasis, the process that stops bleeding after a blood vessel injury, is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system. However, disorders of hemostasis can disrupt this delicate balance, leading to either excessive clotting or bleeding. These disorders can be broadly classified into thromboembolic disorders and bleeding disorders.
Thromboembolic Disorders
Two factors primarily cause thromboembolic conditions.
Thromboembolic Disorders
Two factors primarily cause thromboembolic conditions.
01:30Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management
Nursing management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's health history. Key factors include trauma to veins, peripherally inserted central catheters, varicose veins, recent pregnancy or childbirth, surgery, bacteremia, prolonged bed rest, atrial fibrillation, COPD, heart failure, cancer, coagulation disorders, myocardial infarction, spinal cord injury, stroke, prolonged travel, recent bone fractures, and dehydration. Review medication intake, particularly oral contraceptives,...
01:29Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology
A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...