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Enterococci in human periodontitis.

T E Rams1, D Feik, V Young

  • 1University of Southern California School of Dentistry, Los Angeles.

Oral Microbiology and Immunology
|August 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Enterococci, primarily Enterococcus faecalis, were found in subgingival plaque of periodontitis patients. These bacteria showed resistance to common antibiotics but sensitivity to ciprofloxacin and Augmentin.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Periodontology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Enterococci are recognized pathogens in various human body sites.
  • Periodontitis is a complex oral infection impacting periodontal tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of subgingival enterococci in patients with early-onset and advanced adult periodontitis.
  • To assess the in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of these subgingival enterococci.

Main Methods:

  • Subgingival microbial samples were collected from 100 early-onset and 545 advanced adult periodontitis patients.
  • Enterococci were identified using selective agar and commercial kits, with speciation and biotyping performed.
  • In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility was tested against various antibiotics using commercial kits and agar dilution assays.

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Main Results:

  • Subgingival enterococci were present in 1% of early-onset and 5% of advanced adult periodontitis cases.
  • Enterococcus faecalis was the sole species identified, with most isolates belonging to a single biotype.
  • Isolates exhibited resistance to penicillin G, tetracycline, clindamycin, and metronidazole, but were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin/potassium clavulanate.

Conclusions:

  • Enterococci can colonize periodontal pockets, potentially acting as superinfecting organisms.
  • The observed antimicrobial resistance patterns suggest limitations for certain standard therapies in treating enterococcal periodontitis.
  • Enterococci may contribute to periodontal tissue destruction in heavily infected patients.