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Updated: Sep 4, 2026
Anterior High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia
Published on: August 9, 2024
Abstract:
Case reports of three residents of Ontario with clinical histoplasmic chorioretinitis are presented. The diagnosis was made on the basis of the clinical appearance, the presence of calcified lesions in the chest, a negative skin test to tuberculin, and a positive skin test to toxoplasmin. All patients were treated with intravenous amphotericin B. Except for transitory elevation of blood urea nitrogen, there were no serious complications from the drug and in all cases the lesions in the eyes were improved. Histologic or cultural proof of the presence of fungus in the eye is not available, but clinical and laboratory findings can combine to point to the diagnosis of histoplasmosis. In such cases, since vision is at stake, treatment with amphotericin B should be considered.
Insights
This study presents three Ontario residents diagnosed with histoplasmic chorioretinitis. Intravenous amphotericin B treatment improved ocular lesions, suggesting its consideration for this fungal eye infection.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Infectious Diseases
- Mycology
Background:
- Histoplasmic chorioretinitis is an ocular manifestation of disseminated histoplasmosis.
- Diagnosis can be challenging without definitive fungal proof in the eye.
- Calcified chest lesions and specific skin tests aid in diagnosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report cases of histoplasmic chorioretinitis in Ontario residents.
- To evaluate the efficacy and safety of amphotericin B treatment.
- To highlight the importance of clinical and laboratory findings for diagnosis.
Main Methods:
- Clinical case reports of three patients.
- Diagnostic criteria included clinical appearance, chest imaging, and skin testing (tuberculin and toxoplasmin).
- Treatment administered: intravenous amphotericin B.
Main Results:
- All three patients showed improvement in ocular lesions after amphotericin B treatment.
- Transient elevation of blood urea nitrogen was the main side effect.
- No serious complications were observed with amphotericin B therapy.
Conclusions:
- Clinical and laboratory findings can support a diagnosis of histoplasmosis even without direct fungal confirmation.
- Intravenous amphotericin B is a viable treatment option for histoplasmic chorioretinitis.
- Prompt treatment is crucial to preserve vision in patients with this condition.
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