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Caffeine tolerance and choice in humans.

S M Evans1, R R Griffiths

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Behavioral Biology Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224.

Psychopharmacology
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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This study shows that regular caffeine consumers develop complete tolerance to its subjective effects. After 18 days of caffeine, subjects no longer felt its typical stimulating impact.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Caffeine is a widely consumed psychoactive substance.
  • Understanding tolerance to caffeine's effects is crucial for public health.
  • Previous research has suggested tolerance but lacked definitive evidence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the development of tolerance to the subjective effects of caffeine in humans.
  • To assess whether chronic caffeine administration leads to diminished responses.
  • To examine the role of individual caffeine preference in tolerance.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-two healthy subjects with moderate caffeine intake participated.
  • Subjects underwent a period of caffeine abstinence.
  • A double-blind, placebo-controlled design was used with chronic caffeine (300 mg t.i.d.) or placebo administration for 18 days.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Caffeine preference was assessed using a choice procedure before and after chronic dosing.

    • Main Results:

    • Complete tolerance to the subjective effects of caffeine was observed after 18 days of chronic administration.
    • Caffeine produced significant subjective effects in the chronic placebo group but not in the chronic caffeine group.
    • No significant differences in mood or subjective effects were found between groups during chronic dosing.
    • Individual caffeine preference correlated with subjective responses to caffeine and placebo.

    Conclusions:

    • The study provides strong evidence for complete tolerance development to a central nervous system (CNS) effect of caffeine in humans.
    • Chronic caffeine consumption can lead to a blunted subjective response.
    • Individual differences in caffeine preference may influence subjective experiences and tolerance.