[Primary hyperoxaluria type 1, peroxisomal disease: therapeutic consequences]

On the occasion of a combined liver-kidney graft doing well after 3 years, the molecular anomalies responsible for primary hyperoxaluria type 1 are discussed. This rare condition may be listed in the expanding group of hereditary diseases involving peroxisomes, cellular organelles with increasingly recognised functions. Recent progress in the molecular biology of this disease have led to the proposal of of new transplant strategies for its cure.