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What causes impaired glucose tolerance to deteriorate or normalize?
1Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation
|October 1, 1992
Summary
Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in middle-aged adults often persists, with obesity and high 2-hour glucose predicting long-term issues. Hypertension was common in persistent cases, unlike microalbuminuria.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Syndrome
- Cardiovascular Health
Background:
- Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is a precursor to type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
- Identifying predictors of IGT persistence is crucial for early intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the long-term (5-year) progression of IGT in middle-aged subjects.
- To identify clinical predictors of persistent IGT, hypertension, and associated complications.
Main Methods:
- Longitudinal analysis of 25 middle-aged subjects with newly detected IGT.
- Assessment of glucose tolerance, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, serum triglycerides, microalbuminuria, and ECG abnormalities at baseline and 5-year follow-up.
Main Results:
- 72% of subjects showed persistent glucose deterioration (IGT or NIDDM) after 5 years.
- Higher BMI and 2-hour glucose levels predicted persistent IGT.
- Hypertension prevalence increased significantly in the persistent IGT group (36% to 54%) and was associated with baseline blood pressure and hyperinsulinemic markers.
- Microalbuminuria was absent at follow-up. ECG abnormalities were more prevalent in those with persistent IGT/NIDDM.
Conclusions:
- Obesity and elevated 2-hour glucose are key predictors of persistent IGT.
- Hypertension is a common comorbidity in persistent IGT, highlighting the need for cardiovascular risk management.
- Microalbuminuria did not emerge as a significant complication in this cohort over 5 years.