Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

HIV-2 infection in Denmark.

B B Kvinesdal1, A M Worm, B O Lindhardt

  • 1Department of Virology, Statens Seruminstitut, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Effect of far infrared therapy on arteriovenous fistula maturation, survival and stenosis in hemodialysis patients, a randomized, controlled clinical trial: the FAITH on fistula trial.

BMC nephrology·2021
Same author

Tooth formation and eruption - lessons learnt from cleidocranial dysplasia.

European journal of oral sciences·2018
Same author

Salt is not only sodium-How extracellular fluid volume homoeostasis depends on chloride recovery by the kidneys: The first Acta Physiologica Prize winner.

Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)·2018
Same author

RTS,S malaria vaccine efficacy and immunogenicity during Plasmodium falciparum challenge is associated with HLA genotype.

Vaccine·2018
Same author

Sphingosine-1-phosphate and renal vasoconstriction.

Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)·2017
Same author

Patient characteristics and cancer prevalence in the Danish cancer patient pathway for patients with serious non-specific symptoms and signs of cancer-A nationwide, population-based cohort study.

Cancer epidemiology·2017

This study investigated the presence of HIV-2 in Denmark by testing over 3,000 serum samples from various groups, including intravenous drug users, homosexual men, and individuals with African ties. Four samples tested positive for HIV-2 antibodies, all linked to West African individuals or their spouse. Three of these samples showed unusual reactions in HIV-1 Western blot testing. The findings suggest that HIV-2 is not widespread in Denmark and remains closely associated with West Africa. The study highlights the need for specific HIV-2 testing in high-risk groups and the importance of monitoring for potential transmission.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious disease epidemiology
  • Virology within clinical diagnostics
  • HIV serology research

Background:

Little is known about the spread of HIV-2 in non-endemic regions. Prior research has shown that HIV-2 is primarily confined to West Africa. No prior work had resolved the extent of HIV-2 transmission in Denmark. This uncertainty drove the need to assess the presence of HIV-2 in a diverse Danish population. It was already known that HIV-1 is more prevalent in Denmark. However, the possibility of HIV-2 introduction remained unclear. The risk of HIV-2 spreading through high-risk groups was a concern. Testing for HIV-2 in these groups could clarify transmission patterns. The study aimed to address this knowledge gap using targeted sampling.

Purpose Of The Study:

The study aimed to determine the prevalence of HIV-2 in Denmark. It focused on groups with potential exposure to HIV-2. The researchers wanted to assess whether the infection was spreading locally. They selected serum samples from various demographic and behavioral groups. The goal was to detect any cases of HIV-2 in these groups. The motivation was to understand the risk of HIV-2 transmission in Denmark. The study also aimed to identify any unusual HIV-1 Western blot reactions. This could indicate cross-reactivity or misdiagnosis.

Keywords:
AfricaAfrica South Of The SaharaBehaviorBlood SupplyDenmarkDeveloped CountriesDeveloping CountriesDiseasesDrug UsageEquipment And SuppliesEuropeExaminations And DiagnosesFrench Speaking AfricaGuinea-bissauHematologic TestsHiv InfectionsHiv SerodiagnosisHomosexualsInfectionsIv Drug UsersIvory CoastLaboratory Examinations And DiagnosesLaboratory ProceduresMeasurementNorthern EuropePortuguese Speaking AfricaPrevalenceReproductive Tract InfectionsResearch MethodologyResearch ReportScandinaviaSenegalSex BehaviorSexually Transmitted DiseasesViral DiseasesWestern AfricaHIV-2 testingseroprevalence studyepidemiological researchserological diagnostics

Frequently Asked Questions

The study found four HIV-2 antibody-positive cases in Denmark, all linked to West African individuals or their spouse.

Groups included intravenous drug users, homosexual men, STD clinic attendees, and individuals with African ties.

The Western blot was used to detect atypical reactions, which may indicate HIV-2 or cross-reactivity.

It refers to unclear or inconclusive results in HIV-1 antibody testing, prompting further HIV-2 testing.

A total of 3019 serum samples were tested for HIV-2 using ELISA and Western blot.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Methods:

The researchers tested 3019 serum samples for HIV-2. They used an in-house HIV-2 ELISA and Western blot. The samples came from intravenous drug users, homosexual men, and others. They included individuals with a history of travel to Africa. The study also tested those with equivocal HIV-1 Western blot results. The testing process followed standard serological protocols. The samples were analyzed for antibody presence. The results were compared with demographic and clinical data.

Main Results:

Four serum samples tested positive for HIV-2 antibodies. Three of the positive samples were from West African men. The fourth sample was from the spouse of one of these men. Three of the samples showed atypical reactions in HIV-1 Western blot. The remaining samples were negative for HIV-2. The overall prevalence was very low. The findings suggest limited transmission in Denmark. The infection appears to be closely linked to West Africa.

Conclusions:

The study suggests that HIV-2 is not widespread in Denmark. The infection remains closely associated with West Africa. The low number of positive cases indicates limited local transmission. The findings support the idea that HIV-2 is not a major public health concern. The study highlights the importance of testing in high-risk groups. The atypical Western blot reactions suggest the need for specific HIV-2 testing. The results align with prior knowledge of HIV-2 distribution. The authors propose continued monitoring of these groups.

The authors suggest that HIV-2 is not widespread in Denmark and remains closely linked to West Africa.