ASEPSIS IN THE OPERATING THEATRE

Area of Science:

• Medical Microbiology
• Infection Control
• Surgical Site Infections

Background:

• Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are a significant concern following open-heart surgery.
• Identifying sources of microbial contamination in the operating room is crucial for prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

• To bacteriologically investigate materials and environmental factors associated with BSIs after open-heart surgery.
• To determine the microbial load and types of bacteria present in the sterile field and operating room environment.

Main Methods:

• Bacteriological culturing of sutures and materials from the sterile field.
• Collection and analysis of dust samples from the operating room.
• Environmental sampling of the operating room floor.
• Correlation of microbial findings with post-operative infection rates.

Main Results:

• High prevalence of Staphylococcus and diphtheroids cultured from surgical materials.
• Detection of glove powder, textile fibers, and skin squames in operating room dust.
• Frequent recovery of staphylococci from dust and floor samples.
• Association between environmental contamination and BSIs.

Conclusions:

• Air currents within the operating theater can disseminate contaminants.
• Environmental contamination, including airborne particles, likely contributes to surgical wound infections.
• Enhanced sterile field protocols and air quality management may reduce BSIs.