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Related Experiment Videos

AIDS-related CNS cryptococcosis: radiologic-pathologic correlation.

V P Mathews1, P L Alo, J D Glass

  • 1Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.

AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology
|September 1, 1992
PubMed
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) better detects AIDS-related central nervous system (CNS) cryptococcosis than computed tomography (CT). Both imaging methods, however, often underestimate the true extent of the fungal infection found during autopsy.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pathology

Background:

  • AIDS-related central nervous system (CNS) cryptococcosis is a serious opportunistic infection.
  • Accurate detection of CNS cryptococcosis is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic effectiveness of cranial computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MR) in identifying autopsy-confirmed findings of AIDS-related CNS cryptococcosis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective comparison of final cranial CT and MR imaging studies with autopsy pathology.
  • CT was performed in eight patients (five with contrast), and MR was performed in five patients (all with Gd-DTPA contrast).

Main Results:

  • Neither CT nor MR effectively identified cryptococcal meningitis.

Related Experiment Videos

  • MR detected more cryptococcomas than CT, but both modalities underestimated autopsy-detected lesions.
  • Punctate hyperintensities on MR correlated with dilated perivascular spaces and cryptococcomas.

    • Conclusions:

    • MR imaging demonstrated CNS cryptococcosis more effectively than CT.
    • Both imaging modalities underestimated the pathological extent of the disease.
    • Unusual contrast enhancement of lesions may be attributed to patient immunocompromise and fungal characteristics.