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Related Experiment Videos

Endophthalmitis caused by gram-negative organisms.

W D Irvine1, H W Flynn, D Miller

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami (Fla) School of Medicine 33101.

Archives of Ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)
|October 11, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Gram-negative endophthalmitis treatment outcomes show limited visual acuity. However, gram-negative isolates remained sensitive to aminoglycoside antibiotics, with ceftazidime demonstrating broad in vitro efficacy.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Gram-negative endophthalmitis is a severe intraocular infection.
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Haemophilus influenzae were the most common pathogens identified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review treatment outcomes for gram-negative endophthalmitis.
  • To assess antibiotic sensitivity patterns of gram-negative isolates.
  • To evaluate the in vitro efficacy of newer antibiotics against these pathogens.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 52 patients (53 eyes) with culture-proven gram-negative endophthalmitis (1982-1990).
  • Analysis of initial antibiotic sensitivities, particularly to aminoglycosides.
  • In vitro susceptibility testing of 35 isolates against ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, and imipenem.

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Main Results:

  • 49% of patients achieved a visual acuity of 20/400 or better.
  • 98% of gram-negative isolates were sensitive to aminoglycoside antibiotics.
  • Ceftazidime demonstrated in vitro efficacy against all tested organisms.

Conclusions:

  • Gram-negative endophthalmitis treatment yielded suboptimal visual acuity in nearly half of cases.
  • Aminoglycosides remain effective against most gram-negative endophthalmitis isolates.
  • Ceftazidime shows promising in vitro activity and warrants consideration for treating gram-negative endophthalmitis.