Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 4, 2026

Intrarenal Injection of Escherichia coli in a Rat Model of Pyelonephritis
06:09

Intrarenal Injection of Escherichia coli in a Rat Model of Pyelonephritis

Published on: July 18, 2017

THE ROLE OF IMMUNITY IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF EXPERIMENTAL RETROGRADE PYELONEPHRITIS

B W HUNTER, L L AKINS, J P SANFORD

    The Journal of Experimental Medicine
    |January 1, 1964
    PubMed

    Insights

    Pre-existing immunity against Proteus mirabilis protects rats from retrograde pyelonephritis. This suggests immunity primarily slows bacterial growth within the kidney parenchyma, preventing infection.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Immunology
    • Urology

    Background:

    • Retrograde pyelonephritis is a kidney infection often caused by bacterial ascent.
    • Proteus mirabilis is a common pathogen implicated in urinary tract infections.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the protective effects of pre-existing immunity against Proteus mirabilis in a rat model of retrograde pyelonephritis.
    • To determine the primary site of immune action in preventing infection.

    Main Methods:

    • Induction of retrograde pyelonephritis in rats via intravesical injection of Proteus mirabilis.
    • Pre-immunization of rats through prior infection, antigen administration, or passive antiserum transfer.
    • Assessment of resistance to Proteus mirabilis challenge via the retrograde route.

    Main Results:

    • Rats pre-immunized against Proteus mirabilis exhibited significant resistance to retrograde pyelonephritis.
    • Pre-immunization conferred protection regardless of the method used (prior infection, antigen, or antiserum).
    • The protective effect was observed when animals were challenged via the retrograde route.

    Conclusions:

    • Specific pre-immunization is effective in preventing retrograde pyelonephritis caused by Proteus mirabilis.
    • The primary mechanism of protection appears to be the retardation of bacterial growth within the kidney parenchyma.
    • Immunity plays a crucial role in controlling bacterial proliferation at the site of infection.
    Keywords:
    ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY REACTIONSEXPERIMENTAL LAB STUDYIMMUNE SERUMSIMMUNIZATIONKIDNEYPROTEUS INFECTIONSPYELONEPHRITISRATS

    More Related Videos

    Urinary Tract Infection in a Small Animal Model: Transurethral Catheterization of Male and Female Mice10:23

    Urinary Tract Infection in a Small Animal Model: Transurethral Catheterization of Male and Female Mice

    Published on: December 1, 2017

    Establishment and Characterization of UTI and CAUTI in a Mouse Model08:40

    Establishment and Characterization of UTI and CAUTI in a Mouse Model

    Published on: June 23, 2015

    Related Concept Videos

    Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

    Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

    Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such as Proteus,...
    Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

    Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

    Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
    Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

    Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

    The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
    Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

    Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

    Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
    Streptococcal Pharyngitis01:27

    Streptococcal Pharyngitis

    Streptococcal pharyngitis, commonly known as “strep throat,” is an acute infection of the oropharyngeal tissues caused by the Gram‑positive Group A Streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes). Transmission occurs primarily through respiratory droplets expelled during coughing, sneezing, or talking.Mechanisms of Host Entry and Immune EvasionUpon entering the host, S. pyogenes adheres to the mucosal epithelial cells of the pharynx via surface proteins, notably lipoteichoic acid and the antiphagocytic...
    Determinants of Bacterial Pathogenicity and Virulence01:20

    Determinants of Bacterial Pathogenicity and Virulence

    Pathogenic bacteria employ a variety of strategies to establish infections, including the secretion of extracellular enzymes that act as potent virulence factors. These enzymes facilitate bacterial colonization of host tissues and help evade immune surveillance. By targeting structural components of host tissues and interfering with immune mechanisms, these enzymes play a pivotal role in disease progression.Extracellular Enzymes Facilitating Tissue Invasion: Several bacterial pathogens secrete...