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Extracellular dextran hydrolase from Streptococcus mutans strain 6715.

D W Ellis, C H Miller

    Journal of Dental Research
    |January 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Streptococcus mutans strain 6715 produces dextramase, an enzyme that degrades soluble polymers from oral bacteria. However, this enzyme did not disperse existing dental plaques in tests.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Enzymology
    • Oral Health

    Background:

    • Streptococcus mutans is a key bacterium in dental caries development.
    • Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) produced by oral streptococci contribute to plaque formation.
    • Dextranase enzymes can degrade EPS, potentially impacting plaque structure.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize the extracellular dextramase produced by Streptococcus mutans strain 6715.
    • To investigate the enzyme's activity on soluble glucans and its effect on streptococcal plaques.
    • To determine the influence of different carbon sources on dextramase production.

    Main Methods:

    • Enzyme activity assay for alpha-(1 leads to 6)-glucan-6-glucanohydrolase.
    • Testing enzyme efficacy on soluble polymers from oral streptococci.

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  • Assessing enzyme's ability to disperse pre-formed streptococcal plaques.
  • Culturing Streptococcus mutans strain 6715 in various media (sucrose, glucose, dextran).

    • Main Results:

    • Streptococcus mutans strain 6715 secretes an extracellular dextramase with endohydrolytic activity.
    • The enzyme effectively degraded soluble glucan polymers but did not disperse tested streptococcal plaques.
    • Dextramase production was significantly increased in the presence of sucrose.

    Conclusions:

    • The dextramase from S. mutans 6715 degrades specific bacterial polymers.
    • This enzyme may not be effective in breaking down mature dental plaque structure.
    • Sucrose is a key inducer for dextramase production in this strain.