Intractable epilepsy in adults

Intractable epilepsy can be defined as seizures which have not been completely controlled with AEDs 1 year after onset despite accurate diagnosis and carefully monitored treatment. Once intractable, there is a low probability of remission. Predictors of intractability include the presence of partial seizures, structural abnormalities on imaging studies, and abnormalities on the neurological examinations. If a person continues to have seizures in spite of adequate treatment with AEDs, surgical options should be considered.