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Related Experiment Videos

Muscle power predicts freestyle swimming performance.

J A Hawley1, M M Williams, M M Vickovic

  • 1School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Studies, Auckland Institute of Technology, New Zealand.

British Journal of Sports Medicine
|September 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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This study found that leg power and arm stroke distance significantly predict sprint swimming speed. Arm power is also crucial for middle-distance swimming performance.

Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Swimming performance relies on physiological and biomechanical factors.
  • Muscle power is a key determinant of athletic performance across various sports.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between laboratory-measured muscle power and swimming performance in sprint (50m) and middle-distance (400m) events.
  • To identify which muscle power measures best predict swimming speed and efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-two swimmers completed upper and lower body Wingate Anaerobic Tests (WAT) and a maximal sustained power output test (MPO).
  • Peak power (PP) and mean power (MP) from WAT, and peak sustained workload (WLpeak) from MPO were recorded.
  • Swimmers completed timed 50m and 400m swims, with arm strokes per length measured.

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Main Results:

  • Sprint swim speed (S50) strongly correlated with mean leg power (MP(legs), r=0.76) and arm stroke distance (DS, r=0.91).
  • Arm power (MP(arms)) also showed a significant relationship with S50 (r=0.63).
  • Peak sustained arm power (WLpeak) was highly significant for 400m swim speed (S400, r=0.70).

Conclusions:

  • Leg power and arm stroke distance are critical predictors of sprint swimming speed.
  • Arm power is essential for both sprint and middle-distance swimming performance.
  • Laboratory measures of muscle power provide valuable insights into swimming performance.