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Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
Seizures l: Introduction01:20

Seizures l: Introduction

Understanding seizures and epilepsy relies on key definitions that help in recognizing, classifying, and managing these disorders. These definitions provide a framework for recognizing, classifying, and managing seizure disorders.DefinitionsA seizure is a sudden, abnormal burst of electrical activity in the brain that can cause changes in awareness, movement, sensation, or behavior, depending on the area involved. Epilepsy is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures,...
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Seizures ll: Types

Seizures are sudden bursts of abnormal electrical discharge in the brain that interfere with normal function. They are commonly divided into three groups: focal seizures, generalized seizures, and other types that do not fit neatly into either category.Focal SeizuresFocal seizures begin in a single brain region. When awareness is preserved, they are called focal aware seizures and may cause sensations such as tingling, unusual smells, or flashing lights. When awareness is impaired, they are...
Epilepsy ll: Types01:22

Epilepsy ll: Types

Recurrent seizures, stemming from abnormal electrical activity in the brain, are the defining characteristic of epilepsy, a chronic neurological condition. Because seizure features vary greatly, epilepsy is classified using two systems: by seizure type and by epilepsy syndromes. These classifications enable clinicians to describe seizure patterns and select suitable treatment strategies.I. Classification by Seizure Type1. Focal EpilepsyFocal epilepsy begins in one hemisphere of the brain.
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Investigating the Function of Deep Cortical and Subcortical Structures Using Stereotactic Electroencephalography: Lessons from the Anterior Cingulate Cortex
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Seizures involving secondary sensory and related areas.

W T Blume1, D C Jones, G B Young

  • 1University Hospital, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.

Brain : a Journal of Neurology
|October 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Seizures originating in secondary sensory areas (SSRA) can cause unusual bilateral sensory symptoms like numbness and tingling. These seizures may also involve adjacent brain regions, as seen in five epilepsy patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Epileptology
  • Neuroscience
  • Clinical Neurology

Background:

  • The secondary sensory and/or related areas (SSRA) are critical for processing sensory information.
  • Understanding seizure origins and manifestations in these specific brain regions is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
  • Limited data exists on the clinical presentation of seizures originating from the SSRA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical and electrophysiological features of five patients with seizures involving the SSRA.
  • To correlate ictal symptoms with the location of seizure onset and spread within the SSRA and adjacent areas.
  • To review relevant physiological and anatomical data concerning SSRA function in epilepsy.

Main Methods:

  • Case series presentation of five patients with seizures involving the SSRA.
  • Clinical history, ictal symptom analysis, and electroencephalogram (EEG) or subdural EEG data were collected.
  • Neuroimaging (MRI/CT) and histopathological findings were reviewed for patients with lesions.

Main Results:

  • Four patients experienced bilateral ictal numbness/tingling (fingertips, lips, tongue, or diffuse); one had bilateral ictal pain.
  • All patients exhibited associated ictal symptoms implicating adjacent regions, including motor, autonomic, and sensory phenomena.
  • Three patients with SSRA lesions had glial tumors, confirmed histologically; EEG supported SSRA involvement in all five.

Conclusions:

  • Seizures originating in the SSRA can manifest with distinctive bilateral sensory symptoms and spread to adjacent cortical areas.
  • The SSRA is an important, though less commonly recognized, focus for focal epilepsy.
  • Comprehensive evaluation including EEG and neuroimaging is essential for diagnosing SSRA-related seizures.