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Protein engineering of antibodies
1Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Critical Reviews in Biotechnology
|January 1, 1992
Summary
This review covers advances in antibody engineering, including recombinant DNA technology for creating novel antibody molecules. It highlights applications in medicine, such as tumor therapy and diagnostics, and discusses future developments.
Area of Science:
- Biotechnology
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Antibody engineering has advanced significantly, driven by recombinant DNA technology.
- Traditional cloning methods are being replaced by PCR-based approaches for antibody V domain isolation.
- Bacterial and mammalian expression systems are crucial for producing engineered antibodies and fusion proteins.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review technical advancements in antibody engineering.
- To explore the clinical applications of engineered antibodies.
- To discuss emerging antibody-like molecules and future directions.
Main Methods:
- Review of recombinant DNA technology for antibody construction and expression.
- Analysis of PCR-based cloning for antibody V domain isolation.
- Examination of bacterial and mammalian expression systems for antibody production.
Main Results:
- Engineered antibodies, including chimeric and humanized forms, demonstrate specific binding and effector functions.
- Bifunctional immunoglobulins are utilized in tumor therapy and diagnostics.
- Novel antibody-like molecules, such as single-chain antibodies and fusion proteins, offer new therapeutic and diagnostic potential.
Conclusions:
- Antibody engineering has yielded diverse molecules with significant clinical applications.
- Bacteriophage display offers an alternative to hybridomas for generating antibodies with specific antigen-binding properties.
- Continued innovation in antibody engineering promises further advancements in medicine.