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Epidemiology of an outbreak of leptospirosis in man and dog

K S Venkataraman1, S Nedunchelliyan

  • 1Department of Preventive Medicine, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal, India.

Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
|October 1, 1992
PubMed

Insights

Leptospirosis outbreaks in Madras during monsoon affected humans and dogs, with significant seropositivity for Leptospira serovar icterohaemorrhagiae in both populations and rodent reservoirs.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease with significant public health implications.
  • Monsoon seasons can facilitate the transmission of infectious diseases like leptospirosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a leptospirosis outbreak in humans and dogs during the monsoon in Madras, India.
  • To identify the prevalent serovars and potential animal reservoirs.

Main Methods:

  • Serological testing (agglutination tests) on human, canine, rat, and bandicoot sera.
  • Urine culture for bacterial isolation and identification.

Main Results:

  • 50.5% of human sera and 21.3% of canine sera tested positive for leptospirosis.
  • Leptospira serovar icterohaemorrhagiae was the predominant serovar identified in humans, dogs, rats, and bandicoots.
  • Urine cultures confirmed Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae in a patient and Leptospira canicola in a dog.

Conclusions:

  • The study highlights the significant role of dogs and rodents as reservoirs for leptospirosis transmission to humans.
  • Changing epidemiological trends in leptospirosis transmission warrant further investigation and public health interventions.

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