Mechanical issues in vascular grafting: a review

Despite intensive research, the success of artificial small-diameter vascular grafts has yet to match that of natural grafts like the saphenous vein. One of the possible reasons is mechanical mismatch of the graft to the host vessel. The study of compliance (dilatability under pressure) has not been conclusive, especially after a series of recent investigations on vein graft evolution. Lately, the focus has been shifting towards more detailed characteristics, like anastomic behaviour, longitudinal elasticity, and flow-related variables. When the relevant property is identified, it should be included in the criteria for design and use of vascular prostheses.