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Leiomyosarcoma in dogs: 44 cases (1983-1988)
A S Kapatkin1, H S Mullen, D T Matthiesen
1Department of Surgery, Animal Medical Center, New York, NY 10021.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
|October 1, 1992
Summary
Canine leiomyosarcoma prognosis varies by tumor location. Surgical intervention offers a good to excellent outlook for spleen, stomach, small intestine, and cecum tumors, while liver leiomyosarcoma has a poor prognosis.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Oncology
- Comparative Pathology
Background:
- Leiomyosarcoma is a malignant tumor arising from smooth muscle tissue.
- In dogs, leiomyosarcoma can occur in various intra-abdominal locations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the prognosis of canine leiomyosarcoma based on primary tumor site.
- To assess survival rates and causes of death in dogs with intra-abdominal leiomyosarcoma.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of 44 dogs diagnosed with leiomyosarcoma over a 5-year period.
- Tumors categorized by primary site: spleen, stomach/small intestine, cecum, and liver.
- Survival analysis and assessment of metastasis and cause of death.
Main Results:
- Dogs with liver leiomyosarcoma had visible metastasis at surgery and were euthanatized.
- For spleen, stomach/small intestine, and cecum leiomyosarcoma, 79% had no gross metastasis at surgery and 64% survived >2 weeks.
- Median survival for these three groups was 10 months; common causes of death included metastasis (48%) and unrelated causes (32%).
Conclusions:
- Prognosis is good to excellent for surgically treated canine leiomyosarcoma of the spleen, stomach, small intestine, and cecum.
- Canine leiomyosarcoma of the liver carries a poor prognosis due to frequent metastasis.
- Early surgical intervention is recommended for improved outcomes in most canine leiomyosarcoma cases.