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Eyelid anatomy
1Department of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201-4197.
Background:
The following anatomic information concerning the complex structure of the eyelids is distilled from gross and histologic study as well as surgical experience.
Objective:
Our aim is to familiarize the reader with eyelid anatomy.
Conclusion:
Appropriate shape, contour, height and mobility of the lids are essential to adequate protection and function of the eyes as well as overall appearance. A thorough understanding of eyelid anatomy is therefore necessary to achieve optimal surgical results. For the purpose of this discussion the eyelids can be divided into the following structural planes: 1) skin and subcutaneous tissue; 2) orbicularis muscle and submuscular fibroadipose layer; 3) orbital septum; 4) preaponeurotic fat; 5) eyelid retractors; and 6) the tarsi and conjunctiva.