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Gastric residuals in preterm babies
A K Malhotra1, A K Deorari, V K Paul
1Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
Journal of Tropical Pediatrics
|October 1, 1992
Summary
Gastric residual (GR) volume in preterm infants significantly decreased over time. Prone positioning and a 2cm abdominal girth increase can indicate a need to adjust oral feeds.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal Medicine
- Pediatric Gastroenterology
- Infant Nutrition
Background:
- Gastric residual (GR) volume is a key indicator of feeding tolerance in preterm infants.
- Understanding factors influencing GR is crucial for optimizing infant nutrition and growth.
- Preterm infants exhibit diverse feeding needs and potential complications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate gastric residual (GR) volumes in healthy preterm infants.
- To assess the impact of feeding position (supine vs. prone) on GR.
- To determine the relationship between abdominal girth changes and GR in neonates.
Main Methods:
- Gastric residual (GR) volume was measured in 50 healthy preterm infants (gestational age 28-36 weeks).
- Infants were categorized as appropriate-for-dates (AFD) or small-for-dates (SFD).
- GR was assessed in supine and prone positions, with expressed breastmilk (EBM) and formula.
Main Results:
- A significant decrease in GR volume was observed from day 4 (20.7%) to day 7 (8.6%) (P < 0.001).
- Prone positioning reduced GR volume compared to the supine position (12.8% vs. 24.4% with EBM, P < 0.01).
- An abdominal girth increase of ≥2 cm correlated with GR volumes of ≥23%, suggesting a potential feeding intolerance warning.
Conclusions:
- Gastric residual volumes in preterm infants decrease significantly within the first week of enteral feeding.
- Prone positioning appears to improve gastric emptying and reduce GR.
- Monitoring abdominal girth along with GR provides valuable insights for adjusting feeding regimens in preterm infants.
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