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Related Experiment Videos

Evolutionarily stable age at first reproduction in a density-dependent model.

R Ferrière1, J Clobert

  • 1Laboratoire d'Ecologie CNRS URA 258, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, France.

Journal of Theoretical Biology
|July 21, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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This study models life history evolution, revealing how density dependence impacts age at first reproduction. Different strategies emerge, with some species showing complex population dynamics and others reaching stable equilibria.

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Theoretical Ecology
  • Population Dynamics

Background:

  • Life history traits evolve under selective pressures, with age at first reproduction being a key factor.
  • Density dependence significantly influences population dynamics and evolutionary trajectories.
  • Intraspecific competition and inherent reproductive rates shape evolutionary strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel model of life history evolution incorporating density dependence.
  • To investigate the evolution of age at first reproduction under varying selective pressures.
  • To analyze trade-offs between life history traits and their impact on population dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a mathematical model for life history evolution.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Numerical determination of evolutionarily stable strategies (ESSs) using Lyapunov exponents.
  • Analysis of 960 hypothetical 'species' with varied fixed and adjustable traits.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified three distinct groups of ESSs based on age at first reproduction, adult survival, and immature competitive ability.
    • One intuitive group showed reduced immature competition and correlated maturity age with adult survival, leading to equilibria.
    • Two other groups exhibited complex dynamics, with one featuring early maturity/high adult survival and another delayed maturity/semelparity.

    Conclusions:

    • The evolution of demographic parameters significantly alters trade-offs between other traits.
    • Density dependence's source and mode of operation are crucial and cannot be overlooked in life history theory.
    • Potential for short-term population instability is an essential consideration in evolutionary studies.