Origin of mineral crystal growth in collagen fibrils

Collagen fibrils from young turkey-leg tendons, just beginning to mineralize, were stained with uranyl acetate and examined by electron microscopy. Small needle-like mineral crystals were observed and located, in relation to the collagen banding pattern, as originating at the e band in the gap region and near the surface of the fibrils. These are evidently the sites of crystal nucleation. They lie near binding locations on collagen fibrils of two glycosylated proteins believed to be implicated in the mineralization process, as well as the sites of early crystals in embryonic fowl bones.