Radiation effect on ascorbic acid and riboflavin biosynthesis in germinating soybean.

Area of Science:

• Agricultural Science
• Biochemistry
• Food Science

Background:

• Soybean seeds are a source of essential nutrients.
• Germination and environmental factors influence vitamin biosynthesis.
• Ascorbic acid and riboflavin are vital vitamins with varying stability.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the effect of gamma irradiation on ascorbic acid and riboflavin synthesis in germinating soybean seeds.
• To determine optimal irradiation doses for maximizing vitamin content.
• To compare vitamin biosynthesis in tap and distilled water under ambient conditions.

Main Methods:

• Soybean seeds were subjected to different irradiation doses (0.10 kGy and 0.20 kGy).
• Seeds were germinated in tap and distilled water at ambient temperatures (25-35°C) for up to 96 hours.
• Ascorbic acid and riboflavin content were quantified using established analytical methods.

Main Results:

• Ascorbic acid was not detected in original seeds; riboflavin was initially 3.3 µg/g.
• Vitamin synthesis increased with germination time up to 72-96 hours.
• 0.10 kGy irradiation yielded maximum ascorbic acid (16.2 mg/100g FW in tap water, 15.0 mg/100g FW in distilled water) at 72 hours.
• 0.20 kGy irradiation resulted in maximum riboflavin (30.0 µg/g DW in tap water, 27.0 µg/g DW in distilled water).
• Irradiation and germination effects were statistically significant (P < 0.01).

Conclusions:

• Gamma irradiation can significantly enhance ascorbic acid and riboflavin biosynthesis in germinating soybean seeds.
• Specific irradiation doses are optimal for maximizing individual vitamin content.
• Water type (tap vs. distilled) influences vitamin levels, though irradiation remains a key factor.