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Related Experiment Videos

Pseudomemory and age regression: an exploratory study.

S J Lynn1, M Milano, J R Weekes

  • 1Psychology Department, Ohio University, Athens 45701.

The American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis
|October 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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This study found that pseudomemories, or false memories, were rare when the suggested event was verifiable. Even when hypnotized or simulating, subjects rarely reported false memories of a phone ringing.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Pseudomemories, or false memories, are a significant area of research in psychology.
  • Previous studies have explored factors influencing pseudomemory formation, including suggestion and hypnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the rate of pseudomemory formation in hypnotizable and simulating subjects when a suggestion is embedded within an age-regression context.
  • To determine if the verifiability of a suggested event impacts pseudomemory rates.

Main Methods:

  • Participants (hypnotizable and simulating subjects) were age-regressed to a prior hypnosis session.
  • A suggestion was given to hear a phone ring, which did not actually occur.
  • Pseudomemory rates were assessed using open-ended and forced-choice questions.

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Main Results:

  • Open-ended questions yielded 0% pseudomemory rates in both hypnotizable and simulating subjects.
  • Forced-choice questions revealed pseudomemory rates of 22.22% in hypnotizable and 25% in simulating subjects.
  • These rates were higher than in previous research where the suggestion was not embedded in age regression.

Conclusions:

  • The verifiability of a suggested event significantly reduces pseudomemory rates.
  • Age regression and suggestion can influence pseudomemory formation, particularly with forced-choice questioning.
  • Research highlights the complex interplay between memory, suggestion, and context in memory distortion.