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Disability in occupations in a national sample.

J P Leigh1, J F Fries

  • 1Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Calif.

American Journal of Public Health
|November 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Occupational safety and health significantly impact functional disability. Jobs like laborers and farm workers show higher disability, while administrative and professional roles show lower levels.

Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Sociology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Functional disability impacts quality of life and healthcare costs.
  • Understanding occupation-specific disability risks is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify occupations associated with high and low levels of functional disability.
  • To analyze gender differences in occupation-related disability.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey I Epidemiological Follow-up.
  • Assessed disability using a modified Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire.
  • Analyzed functional disability indices by occupation, adjusting for demographic factors and minimizing attrition bias.

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Main Results:

  • For women, occupations ranked by disability (high to low) included: farming, laborers, service, and managers.
  • For men, occupations ranked by disability (high to low) included: no occupation, farming, operatives, and professionals.
  • Highest disability levels were observed in nonconstruction laborers, farm workers, machine operators, servants, and bus drivers for both genders.

Conclusions:

  • Occupational safety and health are significant, often underestimated, factors in functional disability.
  • These findings can inform workplace safety policies and public health strategies to mitigate disability risks.