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Capsular types of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from blood and CSF during 1982-1987
1World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Pneumococci, Statens Seruminstitut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Insights
Understanding Streptococcus pneumoniae type distribution is crucial for developing effective pneumococcal vaccines. This study analyzed over 10,000 isolates, revealing key serotypes prevalent in invasive pneumococcal disease across different age groups.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Vaccinology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Effective pneumococcal vaccines are vital for preventing invasive pneumococcal disease, particularly in children.
- Knowledge of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype distribution is fundamental for vaccine development, including polysaccharide-protein-conjugated vaccines.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the serotype distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from invasive pneumococcal disease cases.
- To inform the development of more effective pneumococcal vaccines based on prevalent serotypes.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 10,298 Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates collected between 1982 and 1987.
- Isolates were obtained from blood (76%) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (24%) of patients with invasive pneumococcal disease.
- Serotyping of isolates to determine prevalence across different age groups and geographical regions (81% from Europe).
Main Results:
- The most common serotypes in children were 6A+6B, 14, 18C, 19F, 1, 7F, 23F, 19A, 4, and 5.
- In adults, the most common serotypes were 3, 1, 14, 7F, 4, 6A+6B, 8, 23F, 9V, and 19F.
- The 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine covered 87% of all isolates, with variations in coverage for specific serogroups.
Conclusions:
- The study highlights the importance of serotype surveillance for guiding pneumococcal vaccine composition.
- Current vaccine types cover a significant proportion of invasive pneumococcal disease isolates, but variations exist.
- Further research into serotype distribution is essential for optimizing vaccine efficacy against invasive pneumococcal disease.
Abstract:
Knowledge about the type distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae is fundamental to ensure an effective formulation of pneumococcal vaccine, especially with the possibility of producing a polysaccharide-protein-conjugated vaccine for the prevention of invasive disease in children. During the 6-year period 1982-1987, we received and typed 10,298 isolates from patients with invasive pneumococcal disease: 7,812 (76%) from blood and 2,486 (24%) from CSF. Of all isolates, 81% were recovered from individuals in Europe and 23% were from children. In order of frequency, S. pneumoniae types 6A + 6B, 14, 18C, 19F, 1, 7F, 23F, 19A, 4, and 5 were most commonly isolated from children, and types 3, 1, 14, 7F, 4, 6A + 6B, 8, 23F, 9V, and 19F, from adults. The pneumococcal types in the currently available 23-valent vaccine represented 87% of all isolates in this study, but the proportion of vaccine types varied somewhat with age and source. In all pneumococcal groups included in the vaccine, the vaccine types represented > 80% of the isolates, except in groups 6, 15, and 18.