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Pathogenic factors responsible for glucose intolerance in patients with NIDDM
A Taniguchi1, Y Nakai, M Fukushima
1Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai-Denryoku Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
Diabetes
|December 1, 1992
Summary
Impaired insulin secretion and reduced glucose disposal contribute to glucose intolerance in Japanese NIDDM patients. Even with normal insulin sensitivity, decreased glucose disposal is a key factor.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Disorders
- Diabetes Research
Background:
- Glucose intolerance is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes.
- Understanding the specific defects in insulin secretion and action is crucial for NIDDM management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify the primary causes of glucose intolerance in Japanese NIDDM patients without insulin resistance.
- To differentiate the roles of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in NIDDM pathogenesis.
Main Methods:
- Utilized oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIGT).
- Employed Bergman's minimal-model method to estimate insulin sensitivity (SI) and glucose disposal (SG).
- Compared NIDDM patients with normal insulin sensitivity to healthy controls.
Main Results:
- NIDDM patients exhibited significantly lower insulin response to oral glucose compared to controls.
- First-phase insulin secretion was markedly reduced in NIDDM subjects.
- Insulin sensitivity (SI) was comparable between NIDDM patients and controls.
- Glucose disposal (SG) was significantly lower in NIDDM patients.
Conclusions:
- Impaired insulin secretion and decreased glucose disposal (SG) are key factors in glucose intolerance in Japanese NIDDM patients with normal insulin sensitivity.
- Reduced glucose disposal (SG) may be a common feature in NIDDM, irrespective of insulin sensitivity status.
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