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A study of developmental speech and language disorders in twins.

B A Lewis1, L A Thompson

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH.

Journal of Speech and Hearing Research
|October 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Identical twins show higher speech and language disorder similarity than fraternal twins. This suggests a genetic component influences the development of these communication disorders.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Genetics
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Speech and language disorders affect a significant portion of the population.
  • Twin studies are crucial for understanding the interplay of genetic and environmental factors in developmental disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the concordance rates of speech and language disorders in same-sex twins.
  • To compare concordance between monozygotic (identical) and dizygotic (fraternal) twins.
  • To explore the familial aggregation of speech, language, and learning disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Examined 57 same-sex twin sets: 32 monozygotic and 25 dizygotic.
  • Assessed for the presence and type of speech and language disorders.
  • Collected family history data for speech, language, and learning disorders.

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Main Results:

  • Monozgotic twins exhibited higher concordance for speech and language disorders compared to dizygotic twins.
  • Monozgotic twins were more similar in the specific types of disorders they presented.
  • Positive family histories for speech, language, and learning disorders were common.

Conclusions:

  • Findings suggest a significant genetic influence on the etiology of speech and language disorders.
  • The higher concordance in monozygotic twins supports a hereditary component.
  • Further research into specific genetic and environmental interactions is warranted.