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Defined medium for growth of foot-and-mouth disease virus
Abstract:
Pledger, Richard A. (Plum Island Animal Disease Laboratory, Greenport, N. Y.) and Jerome Polatnick. Defined medium for growth of foot-and-mouth disease virus. J. Bacteriol. 83:579-583. 1962.-Foot-and-mouth disease virus, grown in primary bovine calf-kidney cell layers with a defined medium containing glucose as the only organic substrate, produced virus titers equivalent to those obtained with complex media containing serum and lactalbumin hydrolyzate. Mannose was the only other substrate examined that could replace glucose. Krebscycle intermediates did not or only partially supported viral replication. Phosphate was also found essential for reproduction of foot-and-mouth disease virus. The rate of heat inactivation of foot-and-mouth disease virus in defined medium was more than twice that in complex medium. This, however, did not interfere with the usefulness of the defined medium for short-term biochemical investigations.
Insights
Researchers developed a defined medium for growing foot-and-mouth disease virus, achieving high virus titers using glucose. This advancement supports biochemical studies of viral replication.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Biochemistry
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Traditional cell culture media for virus growth often rely on complex biological components like serum and hydrolysates.
- Optimizing viral growth conditions is crucial for research and diagnostic purposes, including studies on foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV).
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate a chemically defined medium for the efficient replication of foot-and-mouth disease virus.
- To identify essential substrates and conditions for FMDV growth in a controlled laboratory setting.
Main Methods:
- Cultivation of FMDV in primary bovine calf-kidney cell layers.
- Utilized a defined medium with glucose as the sole organic substrate.
- Investigated the role of other substrates, including mannose and Krebs cycle intermediates, and essential nutrients like phosphate.
Main Results:
- Achieved virus titers equivalent to those from complex media containing serum and lactalbumin hydrolysate.
- Glucose was identified as the primary effective organic substrate; mannose showed partial support.
- Phosphate was found to be essential for FMDV reproduction, while Krebs cycle intermediates were not significantly supportive.
- FMDV in defined medium exhibited a heat inactivation rate more than twice that observed in complex media.
Conclusions:
- A defined medium, primarily using glucose, can support high-yield replication of foot-and-mouth disease virus.
- The defined medium is suitable for short-term biochemical investigations of FMDV, despite increased heat lability.
