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Related Concept Videos

Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings I: Inspection and Palpation01:29

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In a cardiovascular examination, inspection and palpation are crucial for identifying abnormalities.
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Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

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IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
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Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

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IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular...
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Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
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Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a valvular heart disorder in which the mitral valve fails to close tightly, allowing blood to leak backward into the heart. Understanding the clinical manifestations, assessment, diagnostic findings, and medical management of MR is crucial to effectively managing affected patients.Clinical Manifestations of Mitral RegurgitationMitral regurgitation can be acute or chronic, each presenting differently and requiring different approaches:1. Acute Mitral...
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Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
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Related Experiment Video

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Mitral valve palpitations.

C M Oakley1

  • 1Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Medicine
|October 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) can cause arrhythmias, but most are benign. Anti-arrhythmic therapy is only recommended for severe symptoms or potentially life-threatening arrhythmias in MVP patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiac Electrophysiology
  • Valvular Heart Disease

Background:

  • Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) has historically been linked to various symptoms, leading to controversy and over-diagnosis.
  • Concerns exist regarding the incidence of endocarditis, severe regurgitation, and arrhythmias in MVP patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the association between mitral valve prolapse and cardiac arrhythmias.
  • To discuss potential mechanisms and clinical significance of arrhythmias in MVP.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating arrhythmias in mitral valve prolapse.
  • Analysis of proposed mechanisms for arrhythmia generation in MVP.
  • Evaluation of the clinical implications and treatment strategies for arrhythmias in MVP.

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Main Results:

  • Arrhythmias are reported to be more common in MVP patients than in the general population.
  • Potential mechanisms include focal cardiomyopathy, QRS dispersion, autonomic dysfunction, and direct leaflet/chordae effects.
  • Supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias, including tachycardia and fibrillation, have been associated with MVP.

Conclusions:

  • While arrhythmias are frequently reported in MVP, they are often benign, with syncope and sudden death being rare.
  • Electrophysiological study results are contradictory, possibly due to patient heterogeneity.
  • Anti-arrhythmic therapy should be reserved for patients with significant symptoms or potentially life-threatening arrhythmias.