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Moyamoya-induced paroxysmal dyskinesia
Pedro Gonzalez-Alegre1, Zakaria Ammache, Patricia H Davis
1Department of Neurology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA.
Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society
|September 23, 2003
Summary
Moyamoya disease (MMD) can initially present as rare movement disorders, specifically paroxysmal dyskinesias. This suggests MMD should be considered in the differential diagnosis for these conditions.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Vascular Neurology
- Movement Disorders
Background:
- Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare cerebrovascular disorder characterized by progressive stenosis of intracranial arteries.
- While typically presenting with stroke, MMD can manifest with other neurological symptoms.
Observation:
- This study reports two cases where paroxysmal dyskinesia, resembling paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD) and paroxysmal non-kinesigenic dyskinesia (PNKD), was the initial symptom of MMD.
- A review of prior literature found no reported cases of moyamoya-induced chorea mimicking PKD or PNKD.
Findings:
- The presented cases highlight that MMD can manifest with specific types of paroxysmal dyskinesia as an early, presenting symptom.
- These involuntary movements may be linked to both hormonal influences and ischemic factors in MMD pathogenesis.
Implications:
- The findings suggest that MMD should be included in the differential diagnosis for patients presenting with paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia and paroxysmal non-kinesigenic dyskinesia.
- This broadens the clinical recognition of MMD beyond typical stroke presentations, potentially leading to earlier diagnosis and intervention.