Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 31, 2026

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
Published on: July 5, 2022
[Type 2 Diabetes in children and adolescents: literature review]
Monica Gabbay1, Paulo R Cesarini, Sergio A Dib
1Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, 04034-970, Brazil.
Objectives:
To perform a critical review of epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of T2DM in youth.
Sources Of Data:
This review is based on the relevant literature published. The sources available for the authors were integrated with sources identified through Medline database. The key words used for searching were "Type 2 Diabetes in the Youth" in the last ten years.
Summary Of The Findings:
The pathophysiology (altered beta-cell function and insulin resistance) of T2DM in youth is similar to the pathophysiology in adults. Familiar type 2 diabetes history, presence of obesity, acanthosis nigricans, high fasting plasma C-peptide levels and absence of islet-cell auto-antibodies are important clues to diagnose T2DM in youth. Five to 25% of these patients can present ketosis at diagnosis. Insulin therapy can be discontinued during the evolution. Compliance to diet and an exercise program are essential aspects of the treatment of adolescents.
Conclusion:
As obesity in the young is currently increasing in several developed or developing countries, T2DM in the youth can be considered a growing problem also in our population.
Related Concept Videos
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
Type II Diabetes I: Introduction
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology
Type I Diabetes I: Introduction
Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology