Determination of c9,t11-CLA in major human plasma lipid classes using a combination of methylating methodologies

Isomeric CLA exhibit several significant biological activities in animals and humans and are easily isomerized to their corresponding t,t-CLA isomers during methylation with various acid-catalyzed reagents. To minimize such isomerization and provide a valid quantification of human plasma CLA content, several methylation methods were tested. Plasma neutral lipid, nonesterified FA (NEFA), and polar lipid classes were separated into the following fractions: (i) cholesteryl ester (CE, 1.2 mg/12 mL, 37.5% lipids), (ii) TAG (0.8 mg/12 mL, 25% lipids), (iii) NEFA (0.2 mg/12 mL, 6.2% lipids), (iv) MAG/DAG/cholesterol (0.3 mg/12 mL, 9.4% lipids), and (v) phospholipid (PL, 0.5 mg/20 mL, 15.6% lipids). Data showed that c9,t11-CLA found in TAG, MAG/DAG/cholesterol, and PL fractions were converted to methyl esters with sodium methoxide within 2 h at 55 degrees C. However, the c9,t11-CLA in the CE fraction could not be completely converted to methyl esters by sodium methoxide/acetylchloride in methanol or methanolic KOH; instead, CE was treated with sodium methoxide and methyl acetate in diethyl ether for 1 h. NEFA were converted to methyl esters with trimethylsilyldiazomethane (TMSDAM). All reaction mixtures were monitored by TLC prior to GLC analysis. The highest enrichment of c9,t11-18:2 (% FA) was in TAG (0.31%), followed by CE (0.14%) and PL (0.13%). The above methylation methods were then applied to a small subset (n = 10) of nonfasting plasma lipid fractions to confirm the applicability of these data. Results from this subset of samples also indicated that the greatest enrichment of c9,t11-CLA was present in the TAG fraction (0.39%), followed by CE (0.27%) and PL (0.22%). These data indicate that different plasma fractions have different c9,t11-CLA contents.