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Differences in suicide between the old and the oldest old.

Annette Erlangsen1, Unni Bille-Brahe, Bernard Jeune

  • 1Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany. erlangsen@demogr.mpg.de

The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences
|September 26, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Suicide rates declined in older adults but remained stable in the oldest old (80+). Marriage lost its protective effect, and the oldest old used more lethal methods, indicating distinct trends in elderly suicide.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Elderly suicide is a significant public health concern.
  • Understanding age-specific trends is crucial for targeted prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate suicide trends in the old (65-79) and oldest old (80+) populations.
  • To analyze demographic and method-related factors influencing suicide in these age groups.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of suicide data for individuals aged 50+ in Denmark (1972-1998).
  • Examination of trends by sex, age, civil status, and suicide methods.
  • Graphical analysis of age, period, and cohort effects.

Main Results:

  • A total of 17,729 suicides were recorded (10,479 men, 7,250 women).

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  • Suicide trends decreased among middle-aged and old adults but remained stable for the oldest old.
  • Marriage showed no preventive effect in the oldest old, who used more determined methods.

    • Conclusions:

    • Significant differences exist in suicide mortality between the old and oldest old.
    • The suicide trend in the oldest old contrasts with overall mortality improvements.
    • The protective effect of marriage diminishes with advanced age.